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What is Pre Engineered Structure?
Pre Engineered building (PEB) is a revolution in building storage capacity structures. A structural frame built completely with steel with a standard roof and standard walls. The structure is built completely at the factory and brought to the site to be installed using cranes. The structure of PEBs is also significantly more light weighted than conventional steel buildings thus reducing steel cost, becoming cost-effective. PEBs are seen as a breakthrough in the construction industry, resulting in less construction time, cost-effectiveness, high quality, low maintenance, consistent span. Pre-engineered buildings meet one of the industry’s most critical criteria that is wide, column-free areas.
Along with providing durability and strength, pre-engineered buildings are environmentally friendly ways to counter global warming. The prefabricated building saves time because it is designed in a very short period. The parts are prefabricated in accordance with the specification and transported to the site where they are assembled.
Components that make up a pre-engineered structure
These PEB buildings are composed of the combination of various sections they are built-up sections, hot-rolled sections, and the elements of cold-formed sections. The basic steel framework is provided by these elements. The PEB components may be broadly classified into the following parts they are as follows:
Primary Frame – Pre-engineered steel building is portal frame construction comprised of primary and secondary framing and bracing system. A combination of these three elements and weather covering sheeting results in stable steel buildings instead of individual frames.
Secondary structural frames – Secondary framing system is mainly purlin and girt of Z or C shapes of various sizes. In Pre-engineered buildings normally cold form Z sections are used for secondary framing to achieve high strength and lower weight. Purlins/girt are members which transfer forces and moments from one frame to another frame for the overall stability of the building structure and it all acts as a framing system for weather covering sheeting purposes.
Roof and Wall Panels – Tin shades & Curtain Wall made of Glass & Roll-formed steel sheets usually come in the category. From transfer of wind force and other acting loads from the building frame to the foundation at a certain interval. X-bracing system is used to change the direction of forces for reducing the impact of forces. Normally rods, pipes, or angles are used for x-bracing purposes.
Sandwich Panels – Sandwich panel is made of three layers in which a non-Aluminium Core is inserted between two aluminum sheets.
Weather covering for roof and walls – In order to provide weather covering for roof and walls from the external condition, steel structures need to be covered fully/partially as per functional requirements. For all purposes, this covering provides access for all architectural and functional requirements as well. Normally, metal-profiled steel sheets are used for covering purposes. Now a day’s different color/color combinations are used to make building more aesthetic & elegant. There are various other elements of sheeting such as flashings, trims, ridge cover, peak panel, rack trim, drip trim, etc. which are made of the same material as sheeting and equally important for the weather-tight functioning of the building. In addition, proper rainwater gutter for collection of rainwater and down take pipe for discharge of water from gutter to the ground is also a key element to the building for the overall performance of the building. All sheetings are joined together with the help of a self-drilling/self-tapping screw and necessary sealing material such as butyl tape, sealant, foam filler, etc. are used to make buildings more efficient.
The benefits of PEB buildings are as below:
Construction Time: PEB steel structures can be installed quickly since they are pre-built in factories.
Low Maintenance: PEB is maintenance-free structures that are lightweight.
Corrosion Resistant: Pre-fabricated structures are resistant to corrosion and being structurally integrated, they can withstand severe weather conditions.
Low Energy Consumption: These buildings are energy-efficient structures, which are also weatherproof.
Customization and reliability: The design can be altered and made to the client’s tastes and aesthetics.
Easy to Install: It is easy to install and equipped with equipment like smoke detectors, firefighting equipment, and air conditioning in such buildings.
Energy-Efficient Roofing and Wall Systems: These PEB structures are supplied with PU insulated panels or fiberglass blanket insulation to achieve the required U values.
Popularly used for prefabricated construction, pre-engineered buildings are durable, built on modern technology with accuracy.
Disadvantages of PEB buildings are as below:
Although PEB has many advantages in the field of Industrial structure still there are some demerits of Pre Engineered Buildings, which are as follows,
- Rusting / Corrosion Sensitive, as if the quality of steel used or paint used for coating of steel members is not of good quality, then it can damage the structure and thus reduce the life of the structure.
- Insulation Cost, as insulating the building to an agreeable benchmark will furthermore add to your construction costs.
- Appearance, Steel Sections can be unattractive when left exposed.
Green benefits of Pre-Engineered Buildings
Pre-engineered buildings require less effort and resources for on-site construction. This is due to the high levels of accuracy in the design and manufacturing stage. As a result, it is possible to assemble giant structures in a matter of weeks, thus saving organizations a lot of time and resources in setting up and construction. Moreover, pre-engineered steel buildings result in lesser emissions of smoke and fumes. You will use fewer fossil fuels that would have been needed to transport all the raw materials, labor, and construction material. By opting for pre-engineered steel buildings, you are also doing your bit for our planet.
Pre-engineered steel buildings of today use the latest in insulation technologies. When used for both domestic or commercial purposes, they need lesser energy used for heating and cooling. Not only does it help your organization save money, but it is also easier on the planet.
The other green benefits of pre-engineered steel buildings are the ease of transportation and scaling up. Usually, traditional structures need to be broken down, reconstructed, or built from the bottom up if the organization needs to relocate or scale up its operations. However, with pre-engineered steel buildings, the assembling and disassembling is quick, easy, and effective. Without compromising on accuracy or customized needs, your organization can save thousands of dollars if there is a need to relocate to a different location.
There are other green benefits of pre-engineered steel buildings. For example, the high levels of accuracy result in less wastage of materials. With accuracy levels up to 1 mm, your organization can design and execute structures that are detailed and customized to the last millimeter. With traditional structures, a lot of wastage arises due to the standard dimensions of brick and mortar resources.
Market situation of PEB in current times
India is one of the best markets for the PEB sector, which is growing at a fast rate of around 9.5 percent, and it is ahead of a wide-spread market of China, which stands at a growth rate of 8.5 percent. The sector size of the PEB zone in India stands for around $0.38 billion. In the present context, about 33 percent of the Indian construction field is dependent and based on the PEB sphere, however, the rest of the 67 percent is covered by the constitutional construction groups. In this row, the speed by which the building technology in the PEB industry is enhancing reminds us of the manner in which the making-in roads in the country, especially in the commercial and the residential sections in both the city and countryside areas, is turning to become a large-scale building maker market not only for the nation but also for the world investors.
Market Research analysis
Based on the materials used, the PEB market is divided into steel, aluminum, and others. On the application front, the market is bifurcated into the commercial, industrial, and infrastructure sectors. In this row, the commercial sector accounts for the highest market share is analyzed to touch the USD 1.45 billion with a CAGR of around 12.51 percent in the coming period of 2019-2024. The commercial sect is dealing with high-rise buildings, supermarkets, multiplexes, and sports stadiums. However, the industrial movement in India is facing an exhilarating position with a lot of foreign and domestic investments, with an increased number of manufacturing units and offices.
Future scope of PEB in India
The overall analytical forecast for the PEB sector in India for the period of 2019-2024 is around 5 percent CAGR. In addition to it, with an increasing number of e-retailers, the demand for warehouses is also going to get a paramount amplification. During the last few years, online sales accounted for 7.5 percent of the total sales which are done globally, and is predicted to reach near to 13 percent by the time period of 2020. To conclude, it could be said that the supply, demand, and growth needles of the PEB sector are going to improve the conventional methods of constructing and these are going to bring a broader range of development activities over the coming 4-5 years.
The demand for PEB on a global level
The demand for commercial buildings is anticipated to exhibit a CAGR of 15.2% in terms of revenue during the forecast period owing to the rising purchasing power of consumers, which has resulted in an increase of businesses in a short period. The ability of PEB to be constructed in a short time coupled with low erection cost is estimated to bolster its adoption in the construction of commercial buildings.
The flourishing service sector, including IT/ITeS, BFSI, and telecom companies, coupled with the expansion of multinational companies is expected to escalate the demand for construction of commercial buildings. The complex structure, single-source responsibility, and low maintenance cost of PEB are some of the factors responsible for its increased penetration in the commercial buildings construction, thereby stimulating the growth of the pre-engineered building market over the forecast period.
The surging adoption of smartphones coupled with high internet accessibility in emerging economies such as India, Pakistan, Brazil, and China is likely to augment the e-commerce industry. The booming e-commerce industry is resulting in an increased demand for storage and subsequently, heightened demand for warehouses. This trend is also poised to have a positive influence on the market.
The attributes of PEB that complement its use in the construction of warehouses include low erection time and cost, architectural versatility, expansion flexibility, large clear spans, and low maintenance. The aforementioned factors are projected to fuel product demand in the industrial buildings segment over the forecast period.
Future of PEB structure post lockdown scenario
| Post-implementation of GST and granting of infrastructure status to the logistics segment by the Indian Government, India has witnessed rapid growth in the warehousing segment with the e-commerce industry being one of the key growth drivers supported by the government’s initiative of creating world-class infrastructure by setting up warehouses and cold chains across India for storage of food grains, vegetables, household consumer products, other goods, etc. and also encouraging corporates to develop logistics parks. India’s fast-changing demographics consisting of the rising middle class, younger population, increasing disposable incomes, and various other factors are leading to an increase in domestic consumption accompanied by change inhabits. |
This has led to rising of the e-commerce industry, and the growth of warehousing for storage of all types of goods, which is very near to the customers and can easily meet their requirements.
| E-commerce and warehousing are expected to play a major role for the PEB industry in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as they are the major sectors generating demand for the pre-engineered steel buildings (PEB). Other sectors which are likely to play a key role in the post lockdown scenario are pharmaceuticals, packaging, food processing, consumer goods, etc., thereby driving the demand for steel buildings. |
PEB Structures as sustainable buildings?
India is the world’s fastest-growing economy and its rapidly growing younger population is driving the domestic consumption story; leading to evolving ways of sustainable growth including construction. PEB is one of the choices when it comes to sustainable and eco-friendly construction, as steel is 100% recyclable and can be re-used for making other products for an infinite amount of time without loss of quality. These buildings are also referred to as green buildings, which have caught the attention of many builders, developers, etc. across India and are making inroads across all types of construction. Kirby India is at the forefront of this innovation and is leading green construction in the country through its PEB technology, thereby contributing to the green building movement. These buildings are cost-effective, energy-efficient, and provide a better quality environment, as they are cooler in hot conditions due to the favorable roofing material, suitable insulation, and natural ventilation. The use of skylights and solar panels mounted on rooftops of industrial buildings also meet daylight and captive power requirements, which reduces the dependence on power supply from other sources. Effective usage of insulation material, louvers, and other materials also helps in temperature control and rainwater harvesting. This will lead to a viable construction methodology as it has all the green benefits, dry construction, saving of natural resources, etc., thereby using environmentally friendly material.
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