What is Steel Truss?
Steel Truss is a structural member usually fabricated from straight pieces of metal to form a series of triangles lying in a single plane. A truss is there to give a stable form capable of supporting considerable external load over a large span with the component parts stressed primarily in axial tension or compression. The individual pieces intersect at truss joints, or panel points. The connected pieces forming the top and bottom of the truss are referred to as the top and bottom chords respectively. The sloping and vertical pieces connecting the chords are collectively referred to as the web of the truss.
Advantages of steel truss bridges:
Extremely strong
The structure of interconnecting triangles means that the load-bearing capacity of truss bridges is huge. The structure effectively manages both compression and tension, by spreading out the load from the roadway throughout its intricate structure. This means that no one part of the structure is carrying a disproportionate amount of weight. Sort of a ‘chain is only as strong as its weakest link’ type of situation.
Uses materials effectively
While the truss bridge has many, many linked parts to make up its structure—its use of materials is extremely efficient. Materials such as wood, iron and steel are all utilised to their highest potential, and every piece plays a role making it a effective and stress enduring structure. The building of a large truss bridge can be a very economical option, when compared to other bridge designs.
Withstands extreme conditions
Where other bridges such as beam and arch bridges may not be a viable option, truss bridges come into their own as it plays very crucial at certain locations both structurally and economically. They are able to span great lengths, and often used in precarious locations such as deep ravines between mountaintops. You’ll regularly see truss bridges in use throughout mountainous areas to carry railways and roadways.
Roadways built on to the structure
Unlike other bridge designs, the truss bridge is able to carry its roadway on its structure. The load can be carried above (deck truss), along the middle (through truss) or on a bottom truss, which sits below the major truss structure. The options make the truss bridge both versatile and economical to build for all kind of length.
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